Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancyby the removal or expulsion from the uterus of afetus or embryo before it isviable.[An abortion can occur spontaneously, in which case it is usually called a miscarriage, or it can be purposelyinduced. The term abortion most commonly refers to the induced abortion of a human pregnancy.
Abortion, when induced in the developed world in accordance with local law, is among the safest procedures in medicine. However, unsafe abortions (those performed by persons without proper training or outside of a medical environment) result in approximately 70 thousand maternal deaths and 5 million disabilities per year globally.[An estimated 42 million abortions are performed globally each year, with 20 million of those performed unsafely.[The incidence of abortion has declined worldwide as access to family planning education and contraceptive services has increased. Forty percent of the world's women have access to induced abortions (within gestational limits).
Induced abortion has a long history and has been facilitated by various methods including herbalabortifacients, the use of sharpened tools, physical trauma, and other traditional methods. Contemporary medicine utilizes medications and surgical procedures to induce abortion. The legality, prevalence, cultural and religious status of abortion vary substantially around the world. In many parts of the world there is prominent and divisive public controversy over the ethical and legal issues of abortion. Abortion and abortion-related issues feature prominently in the national politics in many nations, often involving the opposing pro-lifeand pro-choice movements (both self-named).
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